Here is more info on additives:
http://www.kewengineering.co.uk/Auto_oils/oil_additives.htm
From what I have read, the use of ZDDP additive is something commonly-found in motorcycle oils. but not as-much in car oil formulations because of catalytic converters.
Here's everybody's favorite tech explainer, Kevin Cameron, who expalins some of the common questions about motorcycle oils.
http://www.cycleworld.com/2014/07/04/ask-kevin-should-i-use-motorcycle-synthetic-oil-or-petroleum/
In the end, if you use something other than what the manufacturer specifies, you are assuming, in-effect, that your understanding of the engine's oil needs are greater than the engineers who created the motorcycle engine. I think I'll leave the engineering to the men and women who worked on it, and follow their factory specs.
I believe that there are specs that can be exceeded, as-in SA is a good oil base category for cars in the 1930's, and then there came more-advanced designs of engines, closer tolerances, all of-which caused the oil classification to be upgraded. Over time, as this onward progression of closer tolerances, different metallurgy, and engine component design changes took place, the oil formulations changed to provide the protection for the running gear designed by the auto (or motorcycle) manufacturer.
Moving ahead to the 1970's the American Petroleum Institute (API) classification for cars and light trucks came to be the SE classification. All those Detroit 1960's/early 1970's 'muscle cars' were
designed for a lesser oil than SE! The current classification is now SN, and anything before SJ is now considered 'obsolete.' So, just start at the top of the alphabet and march-onwards from SA to SN. That's where we are now.
http://www.pqiamerica.com/apiserviceclass.htm
And here is info from Yamaha:
https://www.yamahagenuineparts.com/Yamalube/YamalubeFactSheet.asp
When General Motors was using more interchangeability among its manufacturing arms, when it was B-O-P (Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac) and C-G-C (Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac), while the individual companies often had their own engine designs, and transmission designs, many of the components of the bodies were the same. That is to say, if you bought a Chevy Biscayne, Bel-Air, Impala, or Caprice, if you had a car with electric windows, your electric motor was the same regardless of the trim level you selected. In the Biscayne package, used for fleet sales, electric windows were not a big seller because taxis and cop cars didn't get ordered with electric windows. At the other end, the Imaplas and later the Caprice became top of the line, and they had interior packages where electric windows were standard. The full-size body shells were standardized across GM, so a Chevy Biscayne if it was ordered with electric windows would have the same window electric motor as a Cadillac Sedan de Ville.
If your Cadillac window motor failed, you would go to the Cadillac dealer and he would order the motor and install it. Because it came with a Cadillac part bin #, it would cost you more than a Chevy Biscayne electric motor which came from the same parts bin, but cross-referenced to be for the full-sized Chevy. And it would have a Chevy price tag. It's marketing.
The Italians are also very good at this, as the Italian component manufacturers sell to whoever needs their components. Going back a ways, when Lancia was in business, you could buy a part from a Lancia dealer or parts supplier, and install it on your Ferrari, because it was the
exact same part, just under a Ferrari parts bin # reference. Of course the Ferrari dealer would rather sell you an electrical component for a 10X mark-up over the cost of the same piece bought from the Lancia or FIAT dealer. It's all marketing.
So if a motor oil meets the specification of the manufacturer according to the American Petroleum Institute 'donut' of information about oil classification, you can use it secure in the knowlege that you are not hurting your engine, as the specs are met for the oil it needs.